ABAP Read2Know

Infotype 0019 (Monitoring of Tasks) has 3 lines of comments that can be used to store comments regarding the tasks assigned to employee. This text is not directly stored in the database table PA0019. This data is stored in the ‘PCL1′ cluster with Cluster ID ‘TX’.

Since this text is stored in PCL1 cluster, READ_TEXT function module cannot be used to retrieve it. Instead, make use of one of the 2 ways mentioned below to retrieve this text.

1. Make use of IMPORT ptext FROM DATABASE pcl1(tx) command
2. Use RP-IMP-C1-TX macro stored in TRMAC table.

Sample program Using IMPORT statement
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Type of a table or structure

The table type determines how the logical table description defined in the ABAP/4 Dictionary is reproduced on the database. There are the following table types:

1. Transparent Table
2. Structure
3. Append Structure

For internal purposes, such as storing control data or update texts, there are in addition the following table types:

1. Pooled Table
2. Cluster Table
3. Generated View Structure

Transparent Table There is a physical table on the database for each transparent table. The names of the physical tables and the logical table definition in the ABAP/4 Dictionary correspond. All business data and application data are stored in transparent tables.

Structure No data records exist in the database for a structure. Structures are used for the interface definition between programs or between screens and programs.

Append Structure defines a set of fields which belong to another table or structure but which are treated in the correction administration as its own object. Append structures are used to support modifications.

Pooled Table can be used to store control data (e.g. screen sequences, program parameters or temporary data). Several pooled tables can be combined to form a table pool. The table pool corresponds to a physical table on the database in which all the records of the allocated pooled tables are stored.

Cluster Table contain continuous text, for example, documentation. Several cluster tables can be combined to form a table cluster. Several logical lines of different tables are combined to form a physical record in this table type. This permits object-by-object storage or object-by-object access. In order to combine tables in clusters, at least parts of the keys must agree. Several cluster tables are stored in one corresponding table on the database.

Generated view Structure is a structure generated for a view. This structure serves as interface for the run time environment. It does not generally appear in the ABAP/4 Dictionary.

What is a Data Class?
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Definition

Time constraints is a tool used internally in SAP to protect the integrity of information maintained in Organizational Assignment.

Time constraints guarantee that exactly the data the system needs to be able to correctly process the employee data, handle personnel administration processes and run payroll for an employee is available in the system. Time constraints keep you from storing mutually incompatible data and prevent gaps from occurring in the data history.

Use

You use time constraints to define the following:

1. Whether an infotype record must exist for an employee in the system.
2. Whether further records of the same infotypes may exist.
3. Whether these records can overlap in the validity period.

For certain infotypes, you can also assign different time constraints in relation to the infotype’s subtype.

When you enter infotypes, the system automatically checks if your input satisfies the time constraints’ conditions, and reacts by automatically delimiting data records or issuing error messages.

Classes of Time Constraints
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Definition
Infotypes are units of information in the Human Resource Management System.
Recording employee data for administrative, time recording, and payroll purposes is of primary importance for master data administration in HR. In the SAP System, the information units used to enter master data are called infotypes.

Use
Infotypes are used to group related data fields together. They provide information with a structure, facilitate data entry, and enable you to store data for specific periods.

Structure

Infotypes are characterized by the following:

1. Infotype Structure
2. Data Entry
3. Time-Dependent Storage of Infotype Data

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There are many reasons why we have to create a Custom Infotype in SAP HR. It’s mainly because of the client’s requirement which is not available in SAP.

PM01 is the transaction code for the creation of a Custom Infotype for the PA module in HR.

1. Go to Transaction PM01. Create Infotype.
2. Enter the custom Infotype number to be created. The number should be between the customer name space 9001 - 9999. This is the no. range interval to be used for the Custom Infotypes.
3. See to it that the ‘Employee Infotype’ and the ‘PS Structure’ radio buttons are selected on the screen.
4. Click on ‘All’ push button on the screen. A separate Dictionary window appears on the screen.
5. Maintain the structure (Provide fields) which will be included in the current custom Infotype. Include all the fields that are needed in the Infotype.

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ABAP HR is an integral part of ABAP. In a traditional ABAP language, the following activities are performed.

• Table development
• Data Processing
• Report development
• BAPIs/RFCs
• Database updates
• Screens development/enhancement
• Scripts and Smart Forms
• Function Building
• Java Connectors etc

This is basically done through the PROGRAMMING in ABAP builder by using ABAP 4th generation language. This may be related to any module of my SAP ERP 2004 like HR, FICO, SD, MM, CRM Etc.,

Now, when it is said ABAP HR, apart from the above mentioned activities, one also needs to perform activities like Creation of a Custom Infotype, usage of LDBs, Macros, Clusters and Database Imports & Exports.

These activities could be in any area of HR like Personnel Administration (PA), Organization Management (OM), Time Management, Payroll and Self Services like E-recruitment, ESS and MSS etc.

It is imperative to know ABAP to understand and work on HR ABAP. One cannot became an HR ABAP professional without knowing ABAP.

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